Nanochemistry and biotechnology

Use of nanosized gold particles for improvement of analytical characteristics of enzyme biosensors
O.O. Soldatkin1,2, I.I. Piliponskiy3, O.V. Soldatkina2, L.S. Rieznichenko4, T.G. Gruzina4, S.V. Dzyadevych1,2, A.P. Soldatkin1,2
1 Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of NAS of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo Street 150, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine. E-mail: alex_sold@yahoo.com 

2 Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 64, 01003, Kyiv, Ukraine.

3 National University of Food Technologies, Volodymyrska str., 68, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine

4 F.D. Ovcharenko Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, Akademika Vernadsʹkoho str., 03142, Kyiv, Ukraine

At present, the most promising direction in the development of biosensor technologies is the use of new nano-sized materials to improve the analytical characteristics of biosensors.
In the work, an influence of nanosized gold particles in the bioselective elements on the biosensor analytical characteristics was analyzed. Two variants of enzymes coimmunization with gold nanoparticles were studied. 
The first variant consisted in the enzymes adsorption on the conductometric transducer surface covered with gold nanoparticles. The second variant is the enzymes co-immobilization with gold nanoparticles on the transducer surface in glutaraldehyde vapours. The biosensors based on using gold nanoparticles of different sizes and various concentrations in the bioselective element were tested. The enzyme biosensors based on the traditional immobilization method (without using nanoparticles) were also tested. By the results of this study, the analytical characteristics (baseline noise and drift, minimum detection limit, sensitivity, working linear range, measurement error) of the tested enzyme biosensors were compared. 
The obtained results indicate that using gold nanoparticles in bioselective elements makes it possible to change the biosensor characteristics in controlled way considering the tasks to be solved.