Nanobiotechnology for health-care
Drug nanocarriers combining liposomes and amyloid hydrogels
Tarabara U.K.1, Vus K.O.1, Gorbenko G.P. 1, Trusova V.M. 1, 
Deligeorgiev T. 1
1 Department of Nuclear and Medical Physics, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., Kharkiv-61022, Ukraine
e-mail: uliana.tarabara@gmail.com
2 Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 15 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., Sofia-1504, Bulgaria

During the past decades liposomes have been recognized as the most effective drug delivery vehicles due to their high biocompatibility, the ability to entrap both hydrophilic and hydrophobic payloads, reduced side effects and drug co-encapsulation at a specific ratio [1]. The present study was undertaken to assess the possibility of liposome combination with amyloid hydrogels, other molecular assemblies currently regarded as potential drug nanocarriers. To evaluate the efficiency of drug encapsulation in the combined lipid-protein systems, the two anticancer agents have been employed, viz., the hydrophilic positively charged drug doxorubicin (DOX) [2] and the hydrophobic europium coordination complex, referred to here as V7 [3]. The liposomes were prepared from neutral lipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) and its mixture with anionic lipid cardiolipin (CL, 10 mol%), while amyloid fibrils were obtained from egg yolk lysozyme (EYL) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The drugs pre-incubated with amyloid hydrogels were added to the dry lipid films, thus resulting in the formation of multilamellar lipid vesicles. The fluorescence and equilibrium dialysis studies showed that the negatively charged albumin fibrils favor the DOX entrapment in PC liposomes, but exert opposite effect in the case of PC/CL liposomes. At the same time, no sensitivity to the presence of fibrillar protein was observed in the systems PC/DOX/EYL and PC/CL/DOX/EYL. Likewise, neither EYL, nor BSA did not influence the extent of V7 encapsulation into PC or PC/CL lipid vesicles. These findings highlight the possibility of increasing the payload efficiency of hydrophilic drugs through combining the liposomes with amyloid hydrogels.
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