Tar production from nano metal oxide catalyzed coal pyrolysis
			 Bilge S., Y. O. Donar., Sınağ A.
Ankara University, Department of Chemistry 06100 Beşevler Ankara TURKEY
E-mail: sinag@science.ankara.edu.tr

Coal is the primary energy source in the world. However, low-rank coal (LRC) constitutes almost % 45 of total reserve [1]. Especially most of Turkey's coal reserves are LRC. Low-rank coals are undesirable products due to the low heating value, low carbon content, high ash and moisture content. In order to effective using of LRC reserves, many researchers have made an effort.
Effect of various catalysts on low rank coal pyrolysis has been widely known [2] However usage of nano catalysts on low rank coal pyrolysis leads to a new type tar product distribution of low rank coal conversion.

ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via hydrothermal method. Detailed description of the synthesis conditions were given in our previous study [2] . Low rank Turkish coal provided from Konya-Ilgın, Çanakkale-Çan, Kütahya- Tunçbilek were used as a feedstock. Pyrolysis experiments were performed by the system given in our previous study [2].

In general, low ranking coals, due to high content in oxygenated structures, undergo cross-linking reactions during pyrolysis. These reactions are accompanied by the evolution of H2O, CO, and CO2, producing tars with a low carbonyl group content. When the analysis results of the liquid product are examined, it is concluded that the catalysts reduce the amount of cyclic, ketone and aldehyde groups.In the presence of ZnO nanoparticles, the amount of phenol in the Ilgın- LRC liquid product increased while other catalysts decreased the amount of phenol. In addition, ZnO nanoparticles and H-ZSM-5 reduced the amount of aromatic components, but TiO2 nanoparticles increased the amount of aromatic components. In the Ilgın-LRC sample, all the catalysts increased the furanic components and did not affect the alcohol groups

1.	Bridgwater A.V. Biomass conversion technologies: Fast pyrolysis liquids from biomass: Quality and upgrading // Biorefineries. -2017.-57.-P. 55-98
2.	Gokdai Z.., Sınağ A., Yumak T.,. Comparison of the catalytic efficiency of synthesized nano tin oxide particles and various catalysts for the pyrolysis of hazelnut shell // Biomass and Bioenergy - 2010.-34 N 1.-P. 402-410