Nanophysics and physical and chemical materials science

Interactions on the nanoparticle surface in the polymeric compositions
Trykoz L.V.1, Kamchatnaya S.N.1, Pustovoitova O.M.2, Bohutskyi V.R.1
1 Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport. Feuerbach square, 7, 61050, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
E-mail: lvtrikoz@ukr.net
2 O.M.Beketov National University of Urban Economy. Marshal Bazhanov Street, 17, 61002, Kharkiv, Ukraine.

The fillers are the important part of the polymeric mixtures. They improve the composition properties, reduce the tangential stresses and the volumetric expansion coefficient, increase viscosity and heat-resistance, give polymers the thixotropic properties, and provide the minimum shrinkage during curing [1]. The powdered silica, quartz flour, graphite, chalk, soot, and aluminium powder belong to the fillers that are often used in the practice [2, 3].
The high specific surface of these nanoparticles determines the possibility of the surface interactions between the active centres and the functional groups of polymer molecules. The widespread interaction types on the border "filler- polymer" are ion-ion, ion-dipole, and intermolecular interactions. Being the active center, the filler orients polymeric molecula. As a result, the thin molecular layer is formed which possesses advanced mechanical properties in comparing with space.
The interaction strength affects the structure formation of the polymeric composition materials. The quantitative determination of the ion-ion, ion-dipole, and intermolecular interaction strengths allows performing the theoretical evaluation of the adhesive-cohesive forces which define the strenght characterictics for the polymeric compositions. 

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