Nanocomposites and nanomaterials

Removal of toxic dyes from textile bath using nano-sized adsorbents
Polska-Adach E.1, Wawrzkiewicz M.1, Wiśniewska M.2 Goncharuk O. 3
 1 Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 2, 20 031 Lublin, Poland, ewelina.polskaadach@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl

2 Department of Radiochemistry and Colloid Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University , M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland

3 O.O. Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 17 General Naumov Str., 03164 Kiev, Ukraine
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Acid dyes belong to one of the most numerous groups of dyes. They are used in the form of sodium salts of sulfonic acids, less commonly found in the form of salts of carboxylic acids. The group of these dyes belongs to strong electrolytes, which in aqueous solutions are completely dissociated into colored anions. Their permanent bond with fiber can be achieved by adding acids to the dye bath. In terms of chemical structure, they are azo dyes (mono- and diazo). Azo dyes are the most important class of synthetic organic dyes used in the textile industry and therefore can be considered as common industrial pollution [1]. They are produced in large quantities and get into the environment during production processes. Due to their durability and stability, conventional biological methods of the treatment of industrial wastewater containing the above-mentioned substances are ineffective. In addition, they are easily reduced in anaerobic conditions to toxic aromatic amines. Therefore, there is a need to look for new low-cost and effective methods of their elimination from wastewater [2].
The removal of C.I. Acid Violet 1 dye from the aqueous solutions by a mixed oxide based on titania was used, and compared with pure titanium oxide. The sorption process of the dye on the above mentioned adsorbents was investigated by a static method. The adsorption parameters were determined based on the Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models as well as the sorption rate constants using kinetic equations pseudo-first order (PFO), pseudo-second order (PSO) and interparticle diffusion (IPD) were calculated.

1.	J. Mielnicki, Zarys chemicznej obróbki wyrobów włókienniczych, WNT, Warszawa (1991) 
2.	W.G. Kuo, Decolorizing dye wastewater with Fenton's reagent, Water Res., 26 (1992) 881-886.