“Nanocomposites and nanomaterials”

Nanocatalyst for carbon monoxide oxidation based 
on palladium(II), copper(II) salts and carbon fiber material 
Kiose T.O.1,2, Rakitskaya T.L.1,2, Ennan A.A.-А.2, Truba A.S.1
1 Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University,2, St. Dvoryanska, 65082, Odesa, Ukraine.
2 Physico-Chemical Institute of Environment and Human’ Protection, Preobrazhenska Str., 3, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine
E-mail: kiosetatyana@gmail.com 

Carbon monoxide is dangerous for the environment and humans. It is known that carbon monoxide is oxidized to CO2 only in the presence of catalysts. Analysis of research showed that Wacker-type metal-complex catalysts deposited on various carriers demonstrate stable protective properties and may be promising for the respiratory protective equipment use. The basic components of such catalysts are palladium(II) and copper(II) salts, as well as some additives supported on various carriers. Silica, alumina, activated carbons and carbon fiber materials (CFM), as well as natural minerals such as tripoli, clinoptilolite, mordenite, and bentonite are used as carriers. The carrier is not an inert support and affects the mechanisms of surface complexes formation, as well as the oxidation state of palladium in the case of carbon carriers. The phase composition, textural, protolytic properties, and activity of catalysts for the carbon monoxide low-temperature oxidation based on two series of non-woven carbon fiber material samples CFM-I and CFM-II, and K2PdCl4, Cu(NO3)2, KBr basic components were studied in this work. Catalysts and CFMs were studied by XRD, SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, nitrogen ad/desorption, pH-metric, atomic absorption spectrophotometry metods. It has been found that the basic components K2PdCl4 and Cu(NO3)2 deposited on a microporous carbon surface undergo changes and form an X-ray amorphous Pd0 phase and a paratacamite – Cu2(OH)3Cl nanocrystalline phase. The catalysts were tested in the range of carbon monoxide initial concentrations from 50 to 300 mg/m3 with an effective contact time of the catalyst with the gas-air mixture from 0.12 to 0.50 s. Catalysts provide air purification from CO to concentrations below MPCCO (20 mg/m3) and can be used in respiratory devices.