Nanochemistry and biotechnology
Increased synthesis of biologically active components of medicinal mushrooms
Poyedinok N.L.1, Galkin O.Yu. 1, Negriyko А.M.2, Dubova H.Ye.1
1 National Technical University of Ukraine “I. Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 
Peremohy Ave, 37, Kyiv-03056, Ukraine. 
E-mail: hdubova16@gmail.com
2 Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03028,  Kyiv, Ukraine. 

The increased synthesis of biologically active substances (BAS) of medicinal mushrooms during cultivation is an urgent issue. Two ways of influencing the growth, metabolism and development of the mushroom Inonotus obliquus have been tested: laser irradiation (low intensity blue light) of mycelium and the addition of a colloidal solution of NPs (Ag, Fe, Mg) to the nutrient medium [1,2]. The peculiarity of the research involves a special method of preparing a colloidal solution of NPs by the method of electrospark dispersion. The effect of metal NPs on activators of biosynthetic activity has been studied in relation to many plants. However, the method of preparation by electrospark dispersion is more suitable for the use in the nutrient medium of mushrooms. MgNPs of the colloidal solution has led to the increase not only in melanin, but also in endopolysaccharides and flavonoids, which are precursors of other components, including aromatic ones. Some aromatic substances have a cytotoxic effect [3]. Laser irradiation has led to the increase activity of enzymes that are included in the synthesis of BAS. Each of these ways affects the fatty acid composition of the mushroom by changing the ratio of ω-3 to ω-6 fatty acids. The comparison of the effectiveness of methods of influencing mushrooms during growth has showed the importance of choosing metals for the preparation of colloidal solutions of NPs for cultivation of the Hericium erinaceus, Lentinula edodes, Ganoderma lucidum. 

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