Nanochemistry and biotechnology

The use of metal nanoparticles of the platinum group to improve the analytical characteristics of enzyme biosensors for application in biotechnological industries
Shkotova L.V.1, Dzyadevych S.V.1,2
1 Department of Biomolecular Electronics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, 150, Zabolotnogo Str., Kyiv-03143, Ukraine.
E-mail: luda_shkotova@yahoo.com
2 Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University,
2 Hlushkova Ave., Kyiv-03022, Ukraine.

Nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their electronic properties. In electrochemical biosensors, where the enzymes are integrated with electrodes, the direct electron transfer is difficult since the enzyme active sites are deeply buried in the protein matrix [1]. Nanomaterials are suitable for acting as “electronic wires’’ to shorten the electron transfer distance, enhance the electron transfer between the redox centers of enzyme and electrode surface and simultaneously retaining the biological activity of the redox enzymes, which allows the development of stable sensors [2].
The work is aimed at the development of a sensitive element of the biosensor, based on enzymes and amperometric electrodes modified with nanoparticles of the platinum group. The voltamperometric characteristics of the modified sensors were studied, the working characteristics of the biosensors were thoroughly analyzed, their stability and selectivity were investigated. 
Application of bionanocomposites with promising properties opens new possibilities for the enzyme immobilization and the development of new electrochemical biosensors.
This work was supported by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the frame of Scientiﬁc and Technical Program “Smart sensor devices of a new generation based on modern materials and technologies”.

1.	Lu Q., Dong X., Li L.J., Hu X. Direct electrochemistry-based hydrogen peroxide biosensor formed from single-layer graphene nanoplatelet-enzyme composite film // Talanta.-2015.-82, N 4.-P. 1344-1348.
2.	Wang X., Zhang X. Electrochemical co-reduction synthesis of graphene/nano‑gold composites and its application to electrochemical glucose biosensor // Electrochimica Acta.-2013.-112, N 1.-P.774–778.