Nanochemistry and Nanobiotechnology

POLYFUNCTIONALITY OF THE INFLUENCE OF A COMPLEX NANOCOMPOSITE BACTERIAL PREPARATION AZOGRAN ON PLANT PRODUCTIVITY

Kurdish I.K., Skoroсhod I.O., Roy A.O., Chuiko N.V., Chobotar'ov A.Yu., Parkhomenko N.J., Chobotar'ova V.V.
Zabolotny Institute of microbiology and virology of NAS of Ukraine. 
154, Acad. Zabolotny St., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine. 
E-mail: ivan.kurdish2016@gmail.com

The complex nanocomposite bacterial preparation Azogran was created on the basis of the interaction of highly active nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter vinelandii IMV В-7076 and phosphate-mobilizing bacteria Bacillus subtilis IMV В-7023 with nanoparticles of the clay mineral bentonite. In the process of such interaction, bacterial cells are covered with bentonite particles, in doing so increases their viability during storage and adhesion to the surface of plant seeds during their bacterization before sowing into the soil. Such treatment of seeds increases their germination and the formation of seedlings.
The interaction of these bacterial strains with the bentonite nanocomposite significantly affects their physiological and biochemical activity. Thus, during cultivation of these bacteria in nutrient medium that contained 0.05–0.5 g/L of bentonite nanoparticles, the growth and ATPase activity of these strains increased significantly. At treatment of plants by this preparation the content of phenolic compounds increased in their organism. These biological active substances can reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species in plant tissues, which accumulate at negative environmental factors. Furthermore, inoculation of seeds by Azogran significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities, content of chlorophylls and carotenoids pigments in different plant species (barley, marigold, beans).
We are being shown that the use of the Azogran increases the resistance of plants to phytopathogenic microorganisms and viruses, as well as to phytophages. The use of this preparation significantly reduces the infection of potato by phytoviruses. The Azogran significantly reduces the spread of the Colorado potato beetle in the potato phytocenosis and leads to the death of more than 65% of the larvae of this phytophage. The use of the complex bacterial preparation Azogran in crop production has a significant effect on the growth and development of plants, improving their nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition, stimulating their growth with biologically active metabolites, including phytohormones. The use of the nanocomposite complex bacterial preparation Azogran in crop production significantly increases plant productivity.