Thematic area of your work Nanobiotechnology for health-care

Biological activity of nanoparticles in the in vitro system on the model of DNA- and RNA-viruses

S. Zahorodnia1, N. Rusinchuk4, V. Lozovski4, V. Lysenko2,
 Iu. Mukha3, L. Bilyavska1,K. Naumenko1, O. Zaychenko1, 
P. Zaremba1

1D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

2 V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

3O.O. Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

4Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

The events of the last year, namely the emergence of a new strain of coronavirus and the associated covid-19 pandemic, necessitate the search for and development of new classes of substances with antiviral activity. As interest in nanotechnology grows, we are trying to deepen our knowledge of the interaction of silver and gold nanoparticles with various viruses. Despite numerous studies and scientifically based data on the bactericidal, fungicidal and antiviral properties of gold and silver nanoparticles, there are no licensed nanoparticles-based drugs. It is the versatile characterization of the biological properties of nanoparticles that will allow us to approach the creation of a new drug with polyvalent properties, while safe for human health. In this paper we present the results of the study of the interaction of metal nanoparticles (Au and Ag) with cultures of human and animal cells of different origins. Studies on their effect on different stages of reproduction of viruses with different types of nucleic acid, which belong to both SARS and viruses with oncolytic properties, have also been studied. It was shown that nanoparticles do not show a significant cytotoxic effect on cell cultures, in particular on mitochondrial activity, and do show an effect on the activation of cell defence mechanisms. Indicators of antiviral activity against different stages of virus reproduction are characterized and, taking into account low cytotoxicity, potential candidates are selected for in vivo studies.
This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Ukraine, Project 2020.02/0352.