Nanocomposites and nanomaterials

Obtaining nanoscale metal structures in dispersed systems by the EB-PVD method

Gornostai O.V.

State-run company "International Center for Electron Beam Technologies of E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute"
At the present stage, research is being carried out in the fields of diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic use of Ag and Cu metal NPs. The results of such research already provide an opportunity to address pressing challenges in combating a wide range of problems in medicine, pharmaceuticals, textiles, paints and food industries. The properties of inorganic NPs depend on: shape, size, concentration, chemical composition and are determined by the method of production.
To date, a number of special methods of PVD have been develop, which can be classified based on the energy source. These are methods of magnetron, electro spark, pulse-arc, ion-plasma synthesis, etc., among which the electron beam surpasses all the listed sources in terms of specific energy power, ease of control, efficiency and locality of heating. In addition, it should be note that despite the relative purity of the obtained NPs, the PVD methods have low efficiency. Since the formed steam flow propagates according to the law (cos α), throughout the working chamber. This leads to undesirable consumption of condensable material, especially in the synthesis of NPs from precious metals (Cu, Ag, Au, Pt).
Vacuum electron beam evaporation and condensation (EB-PVD) technology allows metals to evaporate at high speeds. At the same time, EB-PVD has a high value of efficiency at the level of 50% when using the evaporator with the directed steam stream. Based on EB-PVD, a one-stage method of depositing a directed steam stream directly on the surface of liquid and powder matrices-carriers can be developed, which will prevent uncontrolled release of NPs into the environment and at the same time prevent aggregation of the obtained NPs. Precursors of polymers [1], vegetable oils [2] or medical substances that are components of tablets, capsules, ointments, soaps, and paints can act as carrier matrices.

1.	Savelyev Yu.  Antibacterial polyurethane materials with silver and copper nanoparticles / Yu  Savelyev, A. Gonchar, B. Movchan, О. Gornostai, S. Vozianov, A. Rudenko,. // Materials Today: Proceedings. – 2017. – №4. – С. 87–94. 
2.	 Effect of silver nanoparticles on the physical and chemical properties of plant oil sand the antimicrobial activity / [L. M. Makhynia, B. O. Movchan, O. V. Gornostai and all.]. // BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA. – 2017. – №6. – С. 35 – 44.