Nanocomposites and nanomaterials

Nano/sub-micro-filled hybrid bio-based PUR-IPU foams
Gryshchuk L.1, Grishchuk S.2 
1 Leibniz-Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Tech. Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 58, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany 
E-mail: Liudmyla.Gryshchuk@ivw.uni-kl.de
2 Hochschule Kaiserslautern (Kaiserslautern University of Applied Sciences), University of Groningen, Carl-Schurz-Str. 10-16, 66953 Pirmasens, Germany.

Novel organic-inorganic polyurethane/indirect polyurea/polysilicate hybrid bio-based foams were made from bio-based polyols, water glass (WG) and polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI). These foams were prepared without unfavorable chemically non-bonded organic phosphates [1] used in common known 3P polyurea/polysilicate systems [2].
As a result of primary and secondary chemical reactions of isocyanate with water and sodium silicate, the formation in-situ of nano/sub-micro particles of polysilicate and sodium carbonate in PUR/IPU matrix is carried out.
The use of polyols from renewable resources for the synthesis of hybrid foams can significantly increase the bio-content of the final product.
The resulting PUR-IPU bio-based foams were tested by different methods. Three-point bending and compression tests were carried out for determination of the mechanical properties of the end-products, as well as flame retardancy was evaluated after flammability tests.

1.	Grishchuk S., Castella N., et al. Hybrid resins from polyisocyanate/vinyl ester/water glass systems: Structure and properties // European Polymer Journal.-2007.-43.-P. 1245-1257.
2.	Nagy et al.: US Patent No: 5,622,999: “Polysilicic acid/polyisocyanate basic materials, binding materials and foams and process for preparing same.” Priority date: 3 June, 1997 [HU]. (DE: P 41 21 153.7).

Acknowledgments: This work has been performed under the framework of the ReInvent project (Grant number 792049) funded by the H2020-BBI-JTI-2017 joint undertaking initiative.
Authors thank BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH and BorsodChem for providing the bio-based polyols and isocyanates for PUR-IPU foams.