Nanochemistry and biotechnology

The effectiveness of the nanocomposite preparation for pre-sowing seed treatment of winter wheat under stressful growing conditions
M.D. Aksylenko, Y.V. Sheludko, T.V. Tkachenko, V.A. Yevdokymenko, D.S. Kamenskyh, V.I. Kashkovsky
V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya str, 1, Kyiv-94, 02094, Ukraine.
E-mail: ttv13ttv@gmail.com 

Drought, desertification and systemic soil depletion annually leads to huge crop losses in agriculture of the country. The vast majority of anti-stress compounds used in Ukraine are foreign-made. Their acquisition requires significant foreign exchange costs. Therefore, the priority of today is the creation of nanocomposite compounds with growth-stimulating and stress-protective action for crop production.
Therefore, a modern nanocomposite compound with growth-stimulating and stress-protective action was created and its biological activity was proved. The vegetation experiment determined the regulations for the use of a new preparation for pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds and its effect on seed germination energy and sprouting, growth strength, morphological parameters of the root system, its acidifying activity, bioproductivity and phosphorus removal by plants during their growth in conditions of insufficient moisture supply. Under the action of the new compound, a strong, physiologically active root system with improved morphological parameters was formed, and phosphorus plants removal by increased by 12.4%. The stress-protective effect of the compound will affect the reduction of malonic dialdehyde content - by 23.5% and increase the synthesis of carotenoids by 8.2% in the leaves of experimental plants of winter wheat. Pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar fertilization of vegetative plants with such multifunctional compounds will improve the conditions of nutrition and moisture absorption from deeper soil layers due to the formation of a stronger, physiologically active root system. In addition, it will enhance the drought resistance of plants due to the accumulation of silicon in the cell membrane of the epidermis of the leaves. The use of such multifunctional compounds to increase the stress resistance of plants in modern agricultural technologies will significantly increase crop productivity, ensure sustainable development of agriculture, help to solve the problem of food security, obtaining quality, environmentally friendly products.