Nanobiotechnology for health-care

Minimization of electroencephalogram duration for brain-computer interfaces based on nano-electrodes
Khorkov D. S., Netreba A. V., Radchenko S. P.
Medical Radiophysics Department, Faculty of Radio Physics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Glushkova ave., 4g, Kyiv-03191, Ukraine.
E-mail: spr@univ.kiev.ua

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological method to recording of electrical activity of the human brain. It typically uses the electrodes placed on the scalp, although electrocorticography as the part of EEG uses invasive needlelike electrodes. These days, the facilities of EEG are widely used for making brain-computer interfaces. Such EEG application is limited by the recording of brain bio-potentials and the processing of measured data. However, the advancement of nanotechnology allows fabrication of new types of nano-electrodes based on new micro materials [1, 2] and takes away electrode limitation. Therefore in the present paper, issues of identity of EEG signals and the possibility of reducing the amount of data are discussed. The combination of nanosize electrodes and technology for reducing of electroencephalogram data are very useful in portable EEG systems for the remote study of brain activity and will improve the development of telemetered systems of brain-computer interfaces.
In our work eye tracker and EEG system are used to detect the human's gaze direction and to study applicability of EEG data for the gaze point determination. EEG signals obtained for the subjects with different directions of the gaze were processed by exploratory factor analysis. We obtained two factors with close values of component weights when gaze direction is an identical to one of training directions. The possibility of reducing the electroencephalogram duration (recording time) up to 15 sec with keeping of component weights dependence for gaze direction is shown.

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2.	Singh K., Singh K., Microfabrication of nano-fractal electrodes for EEG application. // Bio Micro and Nanosystems Conference, San Francisco, CA, 2006, pp. 51-51.