Nanochemistry and biotechnology

Gold nanoparticles green synthesis with clove oil: Spectroscopic and theoretical study
Fizer M.M.1, Mariychuk R.R.2, Fizer O.I.1
1 Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Uzhhorod National University. Pidhirna, 46, Uzhhorod-88000, Ukraine. 
E-mail: max.fizer@uzhnu.edu.ua
2 Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanity and Natural Sciences, University of Presov in Presov, 17th November, 1, Presov-08116, Slovak Republic

The development of new green methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) is a fast developing trend in modern nano-science [1]. The studies on the use of essential oils as reducing and stabilizing agents for metal NPs production are known, however, these are relatively rare.
In our research, we have investigated the possible use of clove essential oil as a simple polyfunctional reagent for gold NPs synthesis. The main component of the clove essential oil is a polysubstituted phenol – eugenol. Milczarek and Ciszewski have studied the use of pure eugenol for the synthesis of gold NPs [2]. Therefore, in our study, we present the results of synthesis of gold NPs using essential oil extracted from dry flowers of clove. Formation of gold NPs was followed by UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy. Since the fast degradation of NPs' colloid systems was observed in the presence of relatively small amount of minor components of the clove oil, a phenolic fraction of the essential oil was used to find the optimal synthesis conditions. 
A number of theoretical DFT and ab initio computations were performed to determine the most labile components of the clove essential oil that cause stability of gold NPs.

1.	Mariychuk R., Fejer J., Porubska J., Grishchenko L., Lisnyak V. Green synthesis and characterization of gold triangular nanoprisms using extract of Juniperus communis L. // Appl. Nanosci. -2019. Accepted DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-00990-x.
2.	Milczarek G., Ciszewski A., Functionalized gold nanoparticles and films stabilized by in situ formed polyeugenol // Colloid. Surface. B. -2012.-90.-P. 53-57.